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The Peptide Program

Reading list

Research articles and analytical reports

The urine-screening method opens the collection: a named peptide panel with reported detection limits. The other reports add context for AOD-9604.

Screening and identification

The direct urine-injection screening method includes AOD-9604 among the small peptides covered by its analytical procedure. The sports drug-testing review places it within the wider mass-spectrometric work. The Belgian seized-preparation case report concerns identification in unknown material.

My favourite pairing is the screen with named targets and the case report that begins with unknown material.

Biological response

The rat fat-pad study of hGH 177–191 distinguishes antilipogenic from lipolytic activity. The AOD-9604 metabolic study examines the synthetic C-terminal domain. The beta-3 receptor knockout experiment separates chronic and acute responses in mice. These are different preparations and experimental questions.

Oral exposure

The oral safety and tolerability report concerns adults with obesity. The sports-medicine review includes AOD-9604 among unapproved compounds and discusses the limits of rigorous human safety evidence across musculoskeletal and performance applications.

I take the narrower trial report and the broader review as invitations to ask about the particular population, purpose and route involved.

  1. Simplifying and expanding the screening for peptides <2 kDa by direct urine injection, liquid chromatography, and ion mobility mass spectrometry ↗
  2. Identification and characterization of peptide drugs in unknown pharmaceutical preparations seized by the Belgian authorities: case report on AOD9604 ↗
  3. Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone ↗
  4. Antilipogenic action of synthetic C-terminal sequence 177-191 of human growth hormone ↗
  5. The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice ↗
  6. Safety and Tolerability of the Hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in Humans ↗
  7. Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance ↗
  8. Human sports drug testing by mass spectrometry ↗